In project cost estimation, overhead percentage is typically applied to what component?

In project cost estimation, the overhead percentage is generally applied to direct costs. Direct costs are those that can be directly attributed to the project, such as labor, materials, and equipment. By applying an overhead percentage to these direct costs, a business can account for the indirect costs associated with a project, which may include utilities, administrative expenses, and other overhead expenses that support the project but are not directly tied to it.

Applying the overhead percentage to direct costs helps in determining the total cost of the project more accurately, ensuring that the company covers all expenses when pricing the project or preparing bids. This approach is crucial because it ensures profitability and sustainability while also allowing for comprehensive financial planning in project management.

The other options do not align with standard practices in cost estimation; for instance, total sales is an overall revenue measurement rather than a cost component, projected profits focus more on expected income rather than expenses, and subcontracting fees, while essential, are typically categorized under direct costs rather than a basis for applying overhead.